Password Confusion

Mary, Larry, and Harry are three friends sharing an apartment. Unfortunately, their nosy neighbor Perry is always trying to use their wifi, so Mary changes their wifi password frequently to thwart Perry's efforts. Whenever she changes the password, Mary texts the new password to Larry and Harry.

One day, Mary opens their wifi bill and can tell from the exorbitant charge that Perry has been using it again. Since this can only mean that Perry is somehow reading their texts, Mary hires a company called the Rearranging Expressions Organization (or REOrganization for short) to give her advice on making her messages more secure. REOrganization advises her to send messages that can be decoded by the following 2-step process:

1. Convert the sentence to a question;
2. Read the first letter of each word in the question to yield the password.

As it turns out, Larry and Harry are not very inquisitive people, so they have never encountered questions before. Therefore, Mary gives them the following example messages to show how the system works:

Why have this extra step of forming a question? The idea is that the initial letters from the original text messages can also spell two-word chunks (DEAL PAIL, ANGER BANDANA, and EIGHTY LAWYERS), so perhaps Perry will be thrown off the scent by these distractor phrases.

G1

Larry and Harry both seemed to understand the examples Mary showed them, so she began using this system to encode the new passwords. It went swimmingly for the first few weeks, but then Larry and Harry occasionally began to get the password wrong. Below are all of the messages Mary sent out, along with the passwords that her roommates extracted from the messages. A few cells of the table have been left blank; fill them in.

Mary does not want all this confusion about the password scheme, so she switches to a different encoding scheme: She will still send out a message, but her roommates will now need to negate the message so that it means the opposite of its original meaning, rather than turning it into a question as previously. Shockingly, Larry and Harry are such positive people that they have never encountered negation before, so Mary sends them the following examples of how the encoding scheme works:

G2

Larry and Harry understood these examples just fine, but once again Mary found them making some errors in future weeks when she sent out the actual encoded passwords! The following table contains some of the messages Mary sent out; fill in the blank spaces.

At this point, Mary decides to simply tell Larry and Harry the passwords in person.

Note: The problem that these three friends face is that the examples Mary sent out were consistent with multiple possible rules. In linguistics, this type of problem is called the poverty of the stimulus, and it is a central topic in language acquisition: How is it that all children with English-speaking parents learn essentially the same version of English, even though the sentences that they hear are consistent with many possible rules for defining the structure of the language?